● 口腔癌防治概況
口腔癌為我國青壯年(25-44歲)男性最容易發生的癌症,平均死亡年齡為54歲,較其他癌症早10年以上。每年約有5,400名口腔癌個案,2,300人死於口腔癌,嚼檳榔、吸菸是造成口腔癌的主因。罹病後,輕則毀容,重則奪命。 篩檢政策之國外研究顯示,口腔黏膜檢查可有效降低口腔癌之死亡率。
● 口腔癌篩檢資訊
國民健康署補助30歲以上嚼檳榔(含已戒檳榔)或吸菸民眾、18至未滿30歲嚼檳榔(含已戒檳榔)原住民,每2年1次口腔黏膜檢查,以早期發現早期治療,進而降低癌症的發生和死亡。 民眾可持健保卡(18至未滿30歲原住民請多備戶口名簿)至健保特約具牙科、耳鼻喉科器材之醫療院所檢查。
● 如何預防口腔癌
1. 養成健康生活習慣,不嚼檳榔、不吸菸、不喝酒。
2. 有嚼檳或吸菸者,應定期接受篩檢。
● 何謂口腔黏膜檢查
口腔黏膜檢查是由醫生目視或觸診口腔黏膜,看有沒有疑似癌前病變或癌症的病兆,不會疼痛,也沒有副作用。 口腔黏膜檢查的目的,除早期找到口腔癌外,更重要的是要找出癌前病變予以適當治療,從而阻斷癌症的發生,並藉由衛教,勸其戒檳榔與吸菸,除可以改善部分輕微或淺層的病變外,還可以減少日後再發生癌前病變與癌症的風險。但所有檢查並非百分之百準確,當身體出現任何異狀時,請儘速就醫檢查。檢查前,請先將口腔清洗乾淨。
● 檢查結果異常該怎麼辦
若口腔黏膜檢查出疑似癌前病變(白斑、紅斑、口腔黏膜下纖維化、扁平苔蘚、疣狀增生等)或疑似口腔癌,請儘速至醫院口腔顎面外科或耳鼻喉科確診,並遵照醫囑每3-6個月定期追蹤1次。此外,要立即戒檳榔、戒菸與戒酒,並避免高溫或刺激性的食物。
● 使用菸、酒、檳榔導致口腔癌的機率
吸菸者,導致口腔癌的機率為無此習慣者之18倍;喝酒者,導致口腔癌的機率為無此習慣者之10倍;同時吸菸及嚼檳榔者,導致口腔癌的機率為無此習慣者之89倍;同時吸菸、飲酒及嚼檳榔者,導致口腔癌的機率為無此習慣者之123倍。cheat wifes
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